What is the typical effect of using a wave solution in hairstyling?

Using a wave solution in hairstyling is intended to alter the hair structure, specifically to create curls or waves. This process involves applying a chemical solution that breaks down the disulfide bonds in the hair's protein structure, allowing the hair to maintain a new shape once the solution is rinsed out and the hair is set in curlers or rods. The result is hair that has more texture and defined waves or curls, enhancing the overall volume and style of the hair.

The other options focus on outcomes not associated with a wave solution. For example, the notion of creating a straight hair appearance or straightening existing curls contradicts the fundamental purpose of a wave solution, which is to introduce wave patterns rather than eliminate them. Additionally, while maintaining hair color is important in hairstyling, it is unrelated to the primary effect of a wave solution, which is about altering hair texture and structure.