What does "oxidation" mean in hair coloring?

In the context of hair coloring, "oxidation" refers to a chemical reaction that occurs during the hair dyeing process. Specifically, it involves the interaction between the oxidative agents in the hair color product, such as hydrogen peroxide, and the melanin in the hair shaft. This reaction results in a change of color by altering the molecular structure of the pigments in the hair. When oxidation takes place, it helps to lift the natural color and deposit the new color from the dye, allowing for a variety of shades to be achieved.

The understanding of oxidation is crucial for cosmetologists, as it impacts not only the final color result but also the health and integrity of the hair. Mastering this concept enables hairstylists to apply color treatments effectively while minimizing potential damage to the hair structure.