Kansas Cosmetology Practice Exam

What are the three layers of the hair shaft?

1. Cuticle, cortex, medulla

2. Root, bulb, shaft

3. Cortex, cuticle, dermis

4. External, internal, medulla

The correct answer is: Cuticle, cortex, medulla

The hair shaft is comprised of three distinct layers: the cuticle, cortex, and medulla. The cuticle is the outermost layer, consisting of overlapping, scale-like cells that protect the inner layers from damage and moisture loss. The cortex lies beneath the cuticle and makes up the majority of the hair’s structure. It contains fibrous proteins and melanin, which give hair its strength, color, and texture. The innermost layer, the medulla, is often composed of loosely arranged cells and air spaces, although not all hair types have a fully developed medulla. Understanding these layers is essential for hairstylists and cosmetologists, as they influence hair characteristics and health. Proper hair care and treatment can be tailored by considering the structure and condition of these layers. Thus, identifying the correct layers is crucial in the practice of cosmetology, ensuring professionals can provide effective services and recommendations.